Celastrol inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced proliferation and inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Celastrol is one of the active components extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Celastrus orbiculatus characterized by expel ing the wind and promoting blood circulation and relieving swel ing and pain. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of celastrol on tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) induced proliferation and inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cel s. METHODS:In vitro inflammatory cel models induced by TNF-α(0, 1, 10, 100μg/L) were treated with celastrol (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0μmol/L). Interleukin-1β,-6,-8 and prostaglandin E2 in the models were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cel survival was determined by cel counting kit-8. The inflammatory mediator nitric oxide secretion was detected by nitrate reductase assay. mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Significantly increased secretion of interleukin-1β,-6,-8, prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, cel proliferation, and mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 were observed after the induction of TNF-α(0.1, 10, 100μg/L) compared with the control group (without the induction of TNF-α) (P<0.05);especial y, 10μg/L of TNF-αexhibited the strongest effects. 0.4μmol/L celastrol significantly suppressed TNF-α-induced release of interleukin-1β,-6,-8, prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, cel proliferation, and mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 in RAW264.7 cel s (P<0. 05). Our results demonstrate that celastrol can inhibit TNF-α-induced inflammatory response and proliferation in RAW264.7 cel s.

Liver and heart iron deposition status in patients with β thalassemia major: a multicenter study / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the status of iron deposition in patient with β thalassemia major, and to formulate appropriate treatment strategies.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The data of status of transfusion and chelation in 135 patients aged from 6 years and 4 months to 17 years and 11 months with β thalassemia major were collected and analyzed. Serum ferritin levels were determined and cardiac and hepatic iron deposition was determined using MRI T2(*) technology.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Of the 135 cases studied, 66 were male, and 69 were female, their average age was 12.1 years. Serum ferritin (SF) was determined for 111 cases, it varied from 1 086.8 µg/L to 15 011.5 µg/L. Among them, 16 cases had SF level <2 000 µg/L (14.5%) , in 41 cases SF were between 2 000 and 4 000 µg/L (36.0%) ;in 54 cases SF >4 000 µg/L (48.7%) . Liver MRI T2(*) results showed that in only 8 cases (5.9%) iron content in the liver was in normal range, 19 cases (14.9%) showed mild liver iron deposition;34 (25.2%) moderate and 74 (54.8%, the youngest one was only 6 years and 4 months of age) had severe iron deposition respectively. Cardiac MRI T2(*) showed that in 89 cases (65.9%) iron content in the heart was in normal range;19 cases (14.1%) had mild cardiac iron deposition and 27 (20.0%) presented severe iron deposition (the youngest one was only 9 years and 3 months of age) . SF level was obviously related to liver and cardiac iron deposition (MRI T2(*)) r and P value were -0.284, 0.003 and -0.374, 0.000 respectively. In 108 cases regular transfusion and chelation were delayed due to financial problem. The late and insufficient dosage administered and irregular chelation caused the higher SF level and the severe iron deposition.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The survival status of β thalassemia major in China is worrisome. Majority of them had not received regular transfusion and chelation. Liver and cardiac iron deposition occur early and had a high incidence.</p>

Clinical analysis of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy with urinary diversion / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective　To investigate the clinical feasibility of robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy (RARC) by da Vinci surgical system and to summarize the operative technique and outcomes.Methods　From December 2007 to March 2012,22 patients (20 males and 2 females) with the bladder urothelial carcinomas were enrolled.Patient age was from 37 -72 years (rnean 62 years) ; the body mass index was 22.5 - 30.1 kg/m2 ( mean 26.1 kg/m2 ) ; and the American Society of Anesthesiologists score was 1 -2. All patients were diagnosed preoperatively with muscle -invasive or high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinomas in cystoscopic biopsy.There were no adjacent organ infiltration,pelvic lymph node involvement or dístant metastasis found on preoperative examinations.The clinical stage of all cases was under T2 N0 M0.Patients were under general anesthesia for RARC with urinary diversion.Extracorporeal urinary diversions (orthotopic ileal neobladder for 2 patients and ileal conduit urinary diversion for 13 patients)were performed on 15 patients and intracorporeal urinary diversions ( ileal conduit urinary diversion for 2 patientsand orthotopic ileal neobladder for 5 patients) were performed on 7 patients.　Results　All RARC procedure were completed on patients as planned.The operative time was 300 - 667 min ( mean 480 min)with estimated blood loss of 100 - 1200 ml (mean 550 ml),and the number of removed lymph nodes was 6 -25 (mean 15). All patients resumed ambulation on the 2nd to 3rd day postoperatively,and bowel function recovered on the 3rd or 4th day postoperatively.The length of hospital stay was 8 - 35 days ( mean 16 days).For patients underwent orthotopic ileal neobladder,the ileoureteral stents and the urethral catheter were removed 1 month after a cystogram confirming watertight healing.During the follow up of 4 -49 months (mean 32 months),2 patients had disease recurrence and 1 patient died of disease development and 2 patients had developed hydronephrosis.The other patients were with good urinary continence and normal renal functions.　Conclusions　RARC with urinary diversion are feasible and safe treatment option for bladder urothelial carcinoma.This technique will be more popular with more extensive surgical experiences and large randomized clinical trials.

Clinical study on preventing premature infant hyaline membrane disease with pulmonary surfactant / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the efficacy and clinical value of pulmonary surfactant on premature infant's hyaline menbrace disease.Methods Nineteen high risk premature infant's were received tratment of PS hy injected into trachea in 5 minutes of life at dose of 100mg/kg and were compared with twenty-one cases of same condition,contrasted group received treated without pulmonary surfactant injected.Results The clinical symptoms and results of blood gas analysis in prevented group were improved.The time of inhaled oxygen and mechanical ventilation,and the time of inpatient in prevented group were significantly shorter than the contrasted group(P